Crime And Punishment Essays (1559 words) - Criminology,

Crime And Punishment The crime problem in the United States has historically been misstated and exaggerated by bureaucrats and politicians. The intentions behind these overstatements vary within each context but a common thread emerges upon closer examination. As in any capitalist society, money and material possession are the primary motivation that fuels society and people. It could be argued that FBI director Louis Freeh made his comments to the National Press Club in 1994 out of genuine concern for the American people, but realistically the statement was made in an effort to gather support and increase funding for law enforcement. Following this statement and from increased pressure from politicians, the Federal Crime Bill was ratified, and authorized the spending of thirty billion dollars, primarily towards more police officers and prisons. It also included many new punitive sanctions and the expansion of the death penalty to more than fifty federal crimes. Louis Freehs politically correct and unapp rised proclamation takes an exceptionally narrow view of crime and its curtailment. Freeh chooses to focus on the media, statistics, and ultimately public opinion as his justification for increased funding. However he fails to realize the influence of the media and statistics in molding public opinion and the difference between public opinion and reality. Existing individualistic theories such as rational choice theory help reinforce Freehs statement. The overstated crime problem, backed by a capitalistic media and misinterpreted statistics has created a punitive crime policy, which is further supported by individualistic theories of crime. In this paper I will show how misreported statistics and media focus on violent crimes shapes public opinion. Then I will go on to demonstrate the role of individualistic theories in supporting punitive crime control policies. Ultimately I look to prove that the actions of the media and politicians are centered on money and how crime is inherent to the American Dream . The media never has been and probably never will be an accurate source for criminology or criminal analysis. The sensationalist media depiction of crime is almost always exaggerated and biased toward violent crimes. From newspapers to television the crimes that get the most coverage and attention are homicides and aggravated assaults. However, in actuality ninety percent of all crimes are property crimes and less than one percent are homicides (Stephen Lincoln 9/24/01). The media also is fond of reporting crime clocks based on aggregate statistics. Popular and catchy lines like, A murder occurs every twenty seven minutes, a robbery every sixty seconds, are very misleading yet are used regularly. These crime clocks show no reference to a ratio between crimes being committed and the people effected (Lincoln 10/3/01). Once again here the motives behind depiction of crime by the media vary, but money can be found at the source. Newspapers and television stations dont want to report commo n and usually petty crimes because they are boring and monotonous. People dont buy boring and monotonous newspapers; so to increase circulation and ultimately revenues, editors choose to emphasize and embellish violent crimes. This intentional bias towards violent crimes, even though they represent a very small fraction of all crimes creates a sense of apprehension and concern in law-abiding citizens. Television is also responsible for exaggerating crime and over emphasizing its focus on violent crimes. Where newspapers can only provide writing and limited photographs of crime, television can take the next step in showing (versus telling) the crime and criminals. The television show COPS is an excellent example of the misrepresentation of crime and law enforcement. On the show you never see routine traffic stops or officers writing parking tickets, rather the producers choose to show shootings, gang fights and drug offenders. People throughout the country get to see criminals actually breaking the law on television. Given that the majority of the scenes shown are of violent crimes, people construct a violent and evil image of all criminals. While in reality the majority of police work is mundane, the show attempts to glamorize crime fighting (Lincoln 9/26/01). These producers dont care about how they are depicting crime or its consequences; they are simply concerned about TV ratin gs. Higher ratings mean advertisers must pay more money for airtime, which ultimately leads to more money for the television

10 Ways to Promote Self-Directed Classroom

10 Ways to Promote Self-Directed Classroom Effective elementary teachers promote a self-directed classroom so that their students know if they cannot solve a problem or figure out an answer then they will have the tools to do it themselves. Here are 10 tips to help you promote a classroom where your students are self-reliant, as well as self-confident and feel that they can do anything on their own. Promote an â€Å"I Can† Attitude Teaching your students how to overcome disappointment is one of the best lessons that you can ever teach them in their life. When students face disappointment, teach them to analyze it and look at the big picture. Teach them to talk about how it feels so that they can move past it. Instilling an â€Å"I can† attitude will help them know and understand that they can do anything. Allow Student to Fail Failing is usually never an option in school. However, in today’s society, it just may be the answer to getting our children to be independent. When a student is practicing balancing on a beam or they are in a yoga position and they fall down, don’t they usually get back up and try one more time, or until they get it? When a child is playing a video game and their character dies, don’t they keep playing until they get to the end? Failure can be the pathway to something much bigger. As teachers, we can give students room to fail, and allow them to learn to pick themselves up and give it another try. Give your students a chance to make a mistake, allow them to struggle and let them know that it is okay to fail just as long as they get back up and try again. Study Leaders and Role Models Take time out of your busy curriculum to study leaders and role models who persevered. Study people like Bethany Hamilton who got her arm bitten off in a shark attack, but continued to compete in surfing competitions. Find a real-world example of perseverance that will help your students understand that people fail and go through hard times, but if they pick themselves up and try again, they can do anything. Get Students to Believe in Themselves Give students positive affirmations that they can do anything they put their mind to. Let’s say that one of your students is failing one of their subjects. Instead of telling them that there’s a chance that they will fail, build them up and tell them that you know that they can do it. If the student sees that you believe in their abilities, then they will soon believe in themselves too. Teach Students to Pull Themselves Out of a Negative Mindset If you want a classroom where your students are self-directed learners then you must get rid of the negative thoughts and beliefs that are in their head. Teach students to see that their negative thoughts are only holding them back from where they need to be or want to go. So then, the next time your students find themselves in a negative mindset, they will be able to pull themselves out of it all by themselves and be mindful of their actions and thoughts. Give Current and Frequent Feedback Try giving students feedback as soon as possible, this way your words will resonate with them, and they will be more willing to make changes if needed. By giving immediate feedback then your students will have the opportunity to implement your suggestions right away and make the changes they need in order to be a self-directed learner. Bolster Students Confidence Bolster your students’ confidence by discussing their strengths and their abilities with them. Find something about each and every student that you can celebrate, this will help boost their confidence. Confidence building is a known way to increase students’ self-assurance and make them feel more independent. Isn’t that what a self-directed learner is? Teach Students How to Manage their Goals In order to promote a self-directed classroom where students are self-reliant then you must teach them how to manage their own goals. You can begin by helping students set small, achievable goals that can be achieved fairly quickly. This will help them understand the process of setting and achieving a goal. Once students grasp this concept, then you can have them set more long term goals. Learn Something New Together To help cultivate a classroom where students learn independence then try learning something new together as a class. Students will learn by observing the way you learn. They will watch you learn through your techniques, which will help them get ideas on how they can do it on their own. Give Your Students a Voice Your classroom should set the stage for students to feel comfortable enough to have a voice. Make your classroom environment a place where students are free to speak their minds. This will not only make them feel more empowered, but also help them feel like they are part of a classroom community, which will help bolster their self-confidence, and in turn, help them become more independent learners.

Assignment 3 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

3 - Assignment Example ding to the research on the effects of global warming by computer modeling incorporation, it is evident that we may not have conferring benefits on the carbon sink from Amazon rain forest. Thus by 2100 it will cause an increase of around 5-8 degrees centigrade. Based on the research, it is a serious concern because once the methane release starts, due to the global warming, it would be impossible to stop the runaway methane global warming. 3) A little reported but quite serious global infrastructure problem is the current rate of iron ore/steel usage. Research and report the growth of Chinas use of steel (since the year 2000) and the implication that this growth rate has on the exhaustion timescale of the worlds steel supply. Find data to compare the growth rates from 2000 to 2008 to those for 2009-2012. Comment on whether or not this is the silver lining associated with global economic meltdown. 4) a) Which county is growing fastest and what is that growth rate? (attach a screen shoot of your result); If new schools are built for every new 5000 people, how many new schools would need to be built in this county by the year 2050? In 1980 a standard emerged that there should be 1 county sheriff for every 3000 citizens of any county. Based on the 1950-1980 growth rates, what would be the population of Lane County in 2010 and how many county sheriffs should we have? Bonus point* Find the actual size of the Lane County Sheriff’s department. When a country is at the pre-industrial stage, the population grows slowly because the death and birth rates are quite high. During industrialization stage, the food increases, medical care improves, sanitation improves and the death rate increases. At this stage, the population grows rapidly. After the living conditions have improved, the birth rate decreases, which in turn cause the population rate to decrease. After the industrial stage has kicked in fully, the population will grow at a very slow rate (Russell, Herz &

Jane Austen Northanger Abbey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Jane Austen Northanger Abbey - Essay Example The novel traces the metamorphosis of Catherine Morland, the wide-eyed ingà ©nue, who mixes the imagined world of her Gothic novels with the reality of her existence, and her final rapprochement with the truth that life is different from what her imagination had portrayed it to be. â€Å"Northanger Abbey† on one level can be treated as a novel of manners, since it encompasses most of the traits that conform to this genre. The novel is a commentary on the life in nineteenth century England and much emphasis has been placed on the components of proper and improper behavior. The story itself is a kind of â€Å"coming-of-age† narrative, where we see the 17 year old Catherine Morland grow up from a wide eyed immature girl into the confident woman who knows how to take her rightful place in society. Catherine’s growth is not only concerned with learning, but it is a process of unlearning all that she has imbibed from the Gothic novels she relishes. She has to master the art of curbing her imagination and instead learn to grapple with reality. The social conventions of the time are portrayed brilliantly by Jane Austen in her works and in â€Å"Northanger Abbey† we see her outlook towards the custom of primogeniture, which she has dealt with in her other works too. Austen juxtaposes the profligate natural heir with a younger but more capable sibling, who is denied a part in the family fortune only because of a stroke of fate. In â€Å"Northanger Abbey,† the Tilney brothers are a perfect example of the absurdity of this law. Frederick Tilney â€Å"disobedient and sensual† heir apparent to his father’s fortune shows a complete lack of disregard to social conventions, directly in proportion to his unchallenged legal position as heir. (Popham , Sir John) Henry Tilney, on the other hand is more suited to carry out the proper management of the Tilney estate and also create stronger family bonds. The issue of primogeniture inheritance laws and

How does college experience affect future experiences Essay

How does college experience affect future experiences - Essay Example Students learn to listen and pass their ideas articulately with good communication skills. In order to score good grades, students must be committed to attending all the classes. This is also true at the workplace. Employees are expected to be at their work place every day with few off days. Results are what matters in colleges in spite of how hard one works. At the workplace employees are also expected to deliver on their targets without excuses. Time keeping is a critical factor in our college lives. Both in college and workplace we are required to observe time and be punctual always. (Staley & Staley, 2012) observes that students should be able to exhibit the work ethic they had in college in their work life. The way they worked hard to achieve good grades should be the same way they will strive in their work places to meet the standards set by the organization. Most students have at one point been given a group work assignment. This experience prepares them to work in committees in future. They are also expected to be good team players from the experience they gain through the group work. In college students meet others from different races and cultural backgrounds. This enables them to appreciate and co-exist peaceful with other people from different backgrounds in their future endeavors. It helps them develop socially and intellectually. The extra co-curricular activities students participate in help in drilling discipline and enhancing self esteem. It also develops students socially since they interact with many people. Students are also thought to obey rules which in turn them into responsible citizens once they grow up. The values and characters developed in college can have a huge influence on success in the professional life. As (Staley & Staley, 2012) summarizes it â€Å"Thanks to having gone to college, you can begin your career with ready-to-go professional

The Impact Of Social Media Business Essay

The Impact Of Social Media Business Essay This paper presents the significance of the new and innovative economy to organizational development, adopting to the business environmental changes and managing. Design/methodology/approach -The paper analysis the factors that increase the role of social media (SM) and their influence to changes in the value added in the organization. Findings The paper contributes to the discussion about the importance of social media by enabling the access to the knowledge and the Research limitations/implications The concept is based on a theoretical view of the innovative new economy, knowledge management and the impact of social media on value creation. Practical implications out that the Originality/value SM leads to the fact that we are not talking about knowledge management, but about enabling access to knowledge. SM influence on the formation of chain supply and consequently to the value added in the enterprises in innovative economy. Keywords innovative economy, knowledge management, networking, organizational changes, social media, value added chain Paper type Research paper Introduction Sustainable development and increased uncertainty in the business environment are forcing companies to inflict as a strategic goal a constant reconstruction of a comprehensive infrastructure. This renewal based on a more flexible organizational structure (internal environment) including the introduction of modern technologies for the implementation of relationship marketing and renovation of the technological innovations. Technology has with the phenomenon of the Internet and the development of mobile networks transformed the way in which our society communicates and socializes. Technology is no longer the domain of developers and users, but is becoming a central democratic element, which allows for the continuing presence of society.  [1]   Conservative organizations demonstrate the requirements of change management policy and organizational structures based on the Taylor paradigm of the hierarchy. At the same time, it has to be aware of the ability to develop and achieve at least basic levels of literacy in the field of modern information and communication technologies (ICT), which plays an important role in the success of both economic and social development. By achieving their strategic objectives, companies will be affected by the increase in productivity, efficiency, added value and consequently, the development of economy and society [11], [20]. The business environment has been necessary to realize the negative consequences of ICT developments with the emergence of high-tech crime. Such abuses are increasing in frequency on both IT and radio-diffuse technologies. The crimes are divided into those where computers are used as a means of enforcement (computer related crime) or as an object of enforcement (computer crime) and criminal actions in the field of illegal use of the Internet [41]. In such an environment it is difficult to define and determine the appropriate boundaries of business. Competitors do not compete only with similar (or identical) business models. New ones are emerging with different approaches, techniques and thoughts that undermine the traditional rates set market share [8] (figure 1). Influence of technology development to the organizational changes Phenomenon of the Internet in the new economy has influenced in the early nineties of the twentieth century (including the Internet or the digital economy  [2]  ), the rise of the third wave of capitalism. During the last economic crisis and recession, which ended 2009 and the consequences of which the world felt in the form of low economic growth, the emergence of Internet technology, joined the digital technology  [3]  , which further affects the changes in global markets, which point out in the behaviors of the consumers and in developing new business models [37]. SOCIAL MEDIA ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES AND ADOPTION LEGAL AND ETHICAL NORMS TECHNOLOGY GLOBALIZATION PROCESS ORGANIZATIONAL EFFICIENCY COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE VALUE ADDED ACESS TO KNOWLEDGE The new economy has in the early 21st century led to changes in strategies, structures and management styles. For managers it is expected to dominate the release, management and use of resources, in contrast to the strategies of the old economy, which stress that the management strategy to manage the acquisition and ownership need to defend their own resources [28]. An increasing role in the technological field of ICT in the past few years has been seen in mobility, cloud computing, business intelligence systems, and SM [16].All these factors assume a leading role in ICT in developed and underdeveloped economies. Technology and economic growth during the period of transition from the new innovative economy have become inseparable [27], [37]. Innovative economy in the process of organizational evolution introduces new approaches for the development of business models. Even in the early twentieth century in the so-called old economy there was a predominant position that for a successful (profitable) business to occur significant active ownership (hierarchy) must be implemented and that those organizations need to introduce a vertical organizational structure. In the eighties in the so-called the new economy, knowledge and the flexibility of organizational structures started to significantly affect the performance of companies. In the innovative economy innovation and intuition are becoming the key success factors [9], [21], [39]. Organizational changes include internal and external factors, technology, markets, the legislation (emphasis on the protection of intellectual property), which is in line with new processes, restructuring and mergers and takeovers. Seventy percent of organizational change efforts fail. The causes for failure can be found in the fact that managers skip critical elements in the processes of change [34]. Innovative economic theory (in contrast to neoclassical) follows from the thesis that capital accumulation is the main vehicle for economic growth in todays knowledge-based economy. To change so there is also the global financial theory that during the innovation, economy favors Asset Management prior to ownership. This new business logic derives from the thesis that economic growth in the innovative economy arises due to the final product or services that are incurred as a result of knowledge [3]. The innovative entrepreneurship that has been developed based on R D and the down-regulation of activities, highlights the risk upon capital and intellectual property (patents and licenses) and fosters a networking organization that enables collaboration between companies (e.g., clustering). In the innovative economy, partnerships among organizations are based almost exclusively on human capital. Economic capital has lost the importance it still has in the new economy [7]. Network economics considers integration as a strategic instrument that affects the growth of knowledge, and increases the role of information and human knowledge in a knowledge society. The concept of network management is important as a management style that builds or appropriates synergies, particularly between information management, knowledge and human resources. Knowledge and behavior have become a power not only to the new economy but also to the innovative economy [10], [33]. Networking promotes the importance of Supply-Chain Management for the success of which it is necessary to provide unknown knowledge and prepare for the changes brought about by the development of social media  [4]  and their introduction into business operations [13], [22]. The advantage of the network structure is two-way communication. Processes operating is not run in isolation because, with two-way communication typically every person can communicate with any other person, and information can move freely within an organization f [8], [42]. Knowledge and information are part of the supporting information system which enables their transfer and processing (from the data to the end of wisdom), it is determined by knowledge management. In the given concept network knowledge management can be defined as a shift from a transaction perspective in the distribution of inter-organizational knowledge management process. Specifically, this means that the members of each exchange acquire specific skills needed to support decision-making [40]. Individual companies use outsourcing management activities in order to minimize the operating costs. Companies are therefore compensated for: the purchase of thier own information system (introduction of cloud computing), own implementation of marketing activities (setting up their own social platforms on the existing activity), finance, shared services and the production specific parts of a product, of which the production is not a core activity. The company has to be aware that decisions on the implementation of external operations are risk and that such decisions significantly affect company performance [20]. Management of supply chains is an important part of the value chain by Porter [30], who developed a model to determine the development of rival advantages. Porter stresses the need to identify competitive advantages seen in the company as a whole. Cost-effectiveness and successful differentiation are important factors in the chain of activities for the success of companies that bring value to customers. In the Internet age, the value chain has become a basic tool for understanding the impact of information technology on business. The company starts to integrate the value chain and entire value system, which includes suppliers, distribution channels and consumers. Importance of Supply-Chain Management SCM and customer relationship management CRM is to bring together applications, which include consumers, distribution channels, supply links for ordering example, production orders and deliveries. Development of new technologies to further product development or integration services an d exchange of complex models among partners and consumers, which build on the exchange of information through social media. The show began after the onset of the need for identifying the impact of social software solutions upon knowledge management and determining the value of knowledge in enterprises [6], [31], [38]. Von Krogh [38], points out that the SM leads to the fact that we are not talking about knowledge management, but about enabling access to knowledge. Social tools are in fact opening channels of communication with businesses, universities, research institutes, suppliers, customers, users, competitors, etc. This theoretical overview ended with description of the quite new concept of the creative economy. It connects creativity, knowledge and innovation economy. The concept is to encourage investment in innovative technologies and to encourage a period of recession, a new economic cycle and stimulate economic growth [14]. The importance of new technologies for the business development Software applications based on the Internet are entering into all aspects of industrial and service sectors. Web technology provides better opportunities for companies to create strategic priority positions, than they could before any other information technology [31]. An issue that Porter [31], exposed is how to use the Internet in a way that will influence an increase in economic value? The author exposed two factors that determine profitability: industry structure and sustainable competitive advantage; a universal factor which exceeds any form of technology or business. Their effectiveness varies from company to company and from industry to industry. The Internet has an important impact on business development and in connecting relations in business to consumer (B2C) and business to business (B2B). Thus it has gained an important role in company performance and thus results in profit, which depends on the specifics of individual companies or industries. The expansion of online por tals and blogs is increasing the communication among Internet users (potential customers). This leads to an exchange of opinions on the quality of products or services. The Internet has influenced the development of relations between consumers (C2C), which has a significant relationship to the creation of consumer perception of the quality of brand or company reputation. Progress and development of Web technology have an enormous impact on the evolutionary changes in social, economic and cultural fields [32]. A capacity to adapt is conditional with changes in organizational behavior such as with the initiation and adaptation of technological innovations [36]. CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE eeffeeeeeeeeccddddd+++++*****INFRASTRUCUTRE interactivity applications Growth of do commerce on demand connect communicate collaborate real time on demand (from) distance *Critical infrastructure: IT developments and breakthroughs Organizations have to adapt to changes in environment if they wish to survive. In the 21 century we are witnesses to global warming and climate change. Society and organizations are looking for solutions within the concept of sustainable development, which will affect all levels of contemporary culture organizations, whose task will be a close relationship with global challenges. Private organizations will need to consider how environmental responsibility starts in their basic concept of development and this will also affect the organizational culture [35]. In cultural fields organizations are exposed to cases of managing the culture and limiting behavior of group members through sharing the same norms. In todays increasingly networked and virtual world one must be aware that each group consists of members coming from different social background, ethnic group, country, etc All this affects in to the culture of the organizations [35]. Launch of new ICTs in the knowledge-based industry The knowledge-based industry achieves its performance with the ability to develop new knowledge and the use thereof in the development of new products and services. Within organizations, the emphasis on knowledge management, and the processes within an organization geared to the development and dissemination of knowledge throughout the organization. An essential role in these processes is played by the workforce at all levels of he organization; whose ideas and insights serve to create knowledge, and the organizations competitive advantage (A Dictionary of Human Resource Management 2008). Between knowledge based industry classified automotive industry, information industry, pharmaceutical and healthcare industries and media and entertainment industry Phenomenon online platforms that represent social media (SM) (Table 1) have acquired a large force in 2004, when Facebook announced: We give people the power to share and make the world more open and connected [23]. During this period a new form of social media has formed, Twitter, which currently has a billion registered users who generate 175 million messages (tweets) daily. Use of online media is growing people and organizations use them for self-promotion, dissemination and the exchange of information users express their opinions, criticisms and compliments and straight communication [2]. TABLE I: examples of social media for business 1. Social-Media/Social-Bookmarking Sites: for share favorite sites on the Web with potential customers and business partners by commenting on, uploading and ranking different news, articles and company blogs. Reddit, Digg, Del.icio.us, Technorati, Ning, Furl, WikiHow, Youtube, Ma.gnolia. 2. Professional-Networking Sites: online networking communities for companies or individuals for promotion, recruiting, business opportunities. Linkdeln, Xing, Focus, Facebook. Ecademy, Research gate, Plaxo 3. Niche Social-Media Sites: sites convenient for linking up for attainability business target audience. Pixel Groovy, Mixx, Tweako, Small Business Brief, Sphinn 4. General Social-Media Sites: opportunities for advertise, promotion etc. Wikipedia, Newsvine, Wetpaint, Twitter 5. Job sites: suitable for searching for high qualified candidates. CareerBuilder.com, The Wall Street Journals CareerJournal, Sologig Todays knowledge society, in addition to knowledge-intensive processes, is including the benefits of creating and finding new information with communication technologies. Following the implementation of new web-based solutions (Web 2.0) the term Enterprise 2.0 has been established for companies using new technological solutions that include digital media and social software solutions for business purposes [23], [24]. Social media tools enable the creation of new forms of connections and contribute to the maintenance of social connections (networks). It has never been possible to share mutual information and knowledge so quickly on a global scale. Social media allow instant transfers of video and picture material, as well as maintaining blogs. This gives rise to the joint efforts of the public resulting in a new, often freely accessible database of information and knowledge. The design and structure of social media links the development of digital media technologies (e.g. digital signage) and the decline in prices increasingly influence in facilitating the transfer of information events in ways not previously possible (e.g., corporate television, video portals, etc.). Social networks are growing in different environments and strongly influence the changes in society, technology and business practice [15], [12]. e commerce New IT capabilities competitive strategies efficiency of operations social networks rule of management Companies should be aware that the customers (internet tools users) are becoming the new marketers (viral marketing: mouth to mouth communication + SM), with extensive opinion-leading talks about the brand (table 3) [12]. All these factors come together through social media to create an external image of the company, which will depend on its reputation and consequently, the value of the firm (e.g., informing the interested public through the website if a corporation, showing the relationship to both owners and the media and consequently, affect the value shares) [18]. Organizations have no influence upon customer publications through social media. They can only publish a retaliatory explanation later and try through to decrease potential damage to their image. Viral marketing has had an influence on reducing the role of PR and marketing agencies. Technology today allows companies to create personal communication blogs, or use other similar social platforms. Companies can even invest in their own social programs and store and transfer them via digital media. Social media Customer Viral marketing Customer Viral marketing Customer Organization Fig. 1. Social media communication The development of the management skills based on the influence of technological change which lead to existence of the concept of KM 2.0. Von Krogh [38], notes that in the context of the impact of social software solutions onto the generation of KM and upgrades to increase the added value of organizational knowledge, there is a need to focus on: â‚ ¬Ã‚ ­ Identification of indications of how people adapt their communication with the external environment in terms of quality, distinctiveness and ownership of data, information and knowledge, â‚ ¬Ã‚ ­ How people account for the risk of sharing their content with strangers. Are people receptive to the issues of ownership and transfer of data between strangers (the problem of transmission of information from researchers and developers on outside experts to help create the so-called open innovation? â‚ ¬Ã‚ ­ How it affects the takeover or merger of the development company that owns the new technologies developed by its members to communicate with experts in acquiring. The impact of social media to value added in knowledge-based industries Knowledge is already seen as the key factor of a sustainable competitive advantage in the new economy. An organizations need to develop an organizational culture to raise the level of awareness of employees to create and share knowledge is the basic concept of business, allowing further growth of the organization. An organizational culture based on sharing knowledge, providing opportunities for the development of KM processes, which are closely associated with the creation of added value is essential [19], [29]. The organization has to take its objectives into account, their knowledge and know-how from the environment, to establish a policy to customer relationship management (CRM) and suppliers, develop a marketing strategy that provides market positioning and design of brand loyalty. These resources constitute social capital, which occurs in two forms: as an internal adhesive to create the organizational culture or as an external agent relationship. Keeping these two forms of social capital requires different approaches to individual forms [26]. Social media has become an important source of knowledge and enables the creation of the content value chain. This is achieved by linking complementary organizations and respective organizations with their distributors and customers [26], [38]. The purpose of networking between organizations is the tendency to develop and implement technology solutions and processes that will enhance the organizational added value and bring added value to the customer in the form of utility value. Linked organizations that constitute the value chain have to reach decisions on strategies to increase the added value (e.g., acquisition, accumulation and divestment) with a consensus with partners. In order for successful participation to occur in the value chain, organizations have to identify common goals, be complementary and trust each other [25]. Knowledge that is transmitted through social media will impact favorably on added value provided that the information delivered to the customer at any moment will be of sound quality, accuracy and up-to-date.. The increase in the effective implementation of the dissemination of information via the SM (Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, proprietary platforms, etc), Increase the dissemination of information on the advertised product, service, etc Organizations must ensure that the flow of information through social media is properly secured, and that they will not lose their knowledge [38]. With such policy the use of SM in the field of marketing communication in knowledge based industry will increase the reliability of the information and the general perception of loyalty to the brand and the organizations good name. This will increase the ROI of social media compared to classic media [18]. Consequently this will lead to higher added value in knowledge based industry. Management changes Processes of creation Results the value added with SM HRM Technological development enabling the aces to knowledge financial performance Enterprise infrastructure Relations in supply change feedback Marketing trading non financial B2B, B2C and C2C performance Service unconscious marketing BSC, human capital Unwanted marketing (spam) Conclusions The emergence of the Web in the new economy has highly influenced the development of new forms of communication and socializing. With the expansion of social media during the innovative economy there have been qualitative leaps in the communication and transmission of information. Social media has changed the focus on KM from managing the knowledge to the providing of the access to knowledge. Social media allows access to data and video information to a broad range of potential consumers. The proper marketing communication strategy using SM allows both a permanent presence in the IT ecosystem and quick response to any negative responses to the public. The inexpensive media campaign over the SM reaches a relatively large volume of potential consumers, indeed in any time of day and affects the higher ROI than by the use of traditional media. Consequently, it affects the higher value added to the organizations. Literature review A Dictionary of Human Resource Management. 2008. E. Heery and M. Noon, Ed. Oxford University Press. [Online]. Available: http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Mainentry=t162.e679 P. Andre, M. Bernstein and K. Luther, What Makes a Great Tweet? Harvard Business Review, vol.90, no.5, May 2012, pp. 36-37. C. Antonelli. 2003. The Economics of Innovation, New Technologies, and Structural Change. London, GB: Routledge, 2003, ch. 2, pp. 82 Http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Mainentry=t162.e679 M. Assen, B. Gerben and P. Pietersma. Key management models: the 60+ models manager needs to know. Harlow, GB: Pearson Education, 2009, pp. 70-71. C.H. Baird and G. Parasnis, From social media to social customer relationship management, Strategy and Leadership, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 30-37, 2011. Y. Benkler. The wealth of networks: how social production transforms markets and freedom. New Haven, Conn., US: Yale University Press, 2006, ch. 3, pp. 358. A, Bertoncelj, M. MeÃ…Â ¡ko, A. NaraloÄ nik and B. Nastav. Sustainable development of the organization: economics, socio political and ecological aspects. Ljubljana, SLO: GV zaloÃ…Â ¾ba, 2011, ch. 1, pp. 57. A. Bertoncelj, D. KovaÄ  and R. Bertoncel, Success factors and competencies in organisational evolution, Kybernetes, vol. 38, no.9, pp. 1908-1917, 2009. S. Blaschke, D. Schoeneborn and D. Seidl, Organizations as Networks of Comminication Episodes: turning the Network Perspectives Inside out, Organizations Studie, vol 33, no. 7, pp. 879-906, July 2012. P. Bisson, E. Stephenson and P. S.Vigurie (October 2010). The global grid. McKinsey Quaterly. [Online]. Available: Https://www.mckinseyquarterly.com E. Brown. Working the crowd: Social Media Marketing for Business. Swindon, GB: British Informatics Society Limited, 2010, pp. 7-13. J. Coyle, J. Langlet, B.Gibson, R. Novack and E. Bardi. Supply Chain Management: A Logistics Perspective, 8th ed. Florence, KY. South-Western Cengage Learning, 2008, pp. 189. I. N. Dubina, E. G. Carayannis and J. F. David, Creativity economy and a crisis of the economy? coevolution of knowledge, innovation, and creativity, and of the knowledge economy and knowledge society, Campbell Journal of the Knowledge Economy , vol. 3, pp.1-24, 2012. D. Evans, Social Media Marketing: An Hour a Day. Indianapolis, US: Wiley, cop., 2008, pp. 42. S. Haefliger, E. Monteiro, D. Foray, and G. Von Krogh, Social software and strategy Long Range Planning , vol. 44, pp. 297-316, 2011. J. Heizer and B. Render. Operations Management, 9. ed. Upper Saddle River, N.Y. : Pearson Prentice Hall, 2008, pp. 464. D. L. Hoffman and M. Fodor. Can you Measure the ROI of Your Social Media Marketing? Mit Sloan Managament Review, vol. 52, no.1, pp. 41-49, January 2011. C. Garwin. Building a learning organisation, Harvard business review on knowledge management, special issue, vol. 71, pp. 78-91, July/Aug 1993. R.S. Kaplan and A. Mikes, Managing risks: a new framework, Harvard Business Review, vol. 90, no.6, pp, 49-60, June 2012. M. Kuula, A. Putkiranta and J. Toivanen, Coping with the change: a longitudinal study into the changing manufacturing practices, International Journal of Operations Production Management, vol. 32, no.2, pp. 106-120, 2012. A. Li, Social Media and Supply Chain Management: Dont Copy. Be Inspired, Supply Demand Chain Executive, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 10. D. Lin, P. Greissler, S. Ehrlich and E. Shoop, IDEA: A Framework for a Knowledge-based Enterprise 2.0., Journal of Universal Computer Science, vol. 17, no. 4, 2011, pp. 515-531. A. McAfee (2006). Enterprise 2.0, version 2.0. [Online]. Available: Http://andrewmcafee.org/2006/05/enterprise_20_version_20/ K. Moeller. Partner selection, partner behavior, and business network performance: an empirical study of German business networks, Journal of Accounting and Organizational Change, vol. 6 , no. 1, pp. 27-51, 2010. J. Nahapiet and S. Sumantra Ghosal. Social capital, intellectual capital and the organizational advantage, Academy of Management Review, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 242-266, 1998. National Digital Economy Strategy, Australian Government, Department of Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy, Canberra, AU, 2011, pp. 14. R. Normann, Reframing Business. Wiley, GB: Chichester, 2001, pp.87. R. Othman and N.T. Sheehan. Value creation logics and resource management: a review, Journal of Strategy and management, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 5-24. M. E. Porter, E. Competitive Advantage: Creating and sustaining superior performance. New York, US: Free Press, 1985, pp. 45-48. M. E. Porter, Strategy and the Internet, Harvard Business Review, vol. 79, no. 3, pp. 62-78, March 2001. M. P. du Rausas, J. Manyika, E. hazan, j. Bughin, M. Chui, R. Said (May 2011). Internet matters: The Nets sweeping impact on growth, jobs, and prosperity. McKinsey Global Institute. [Online]. Available: http://www. Mckinsey.com/mgi V. Roblek, The strategy for the establishment and maintenance of managerial-entrepreneurial networks, Management, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 231-251, Autumn 2007. W. J. Rothwell, J. M. Stavros, R. L. Sullivan and A. Sullivan. Practicing Organization Development: A Guide for Leading Change, 3rd ed. San Francisco, US: Pfeiffer 2009, pp. 271. E. H. Schein. Organizational culture and leadership. San Francisco, US: Jossey-Bass, 2010, pp. 7-15. B. Smit and J. Wandel, Adaptation, adaptive capacity and vulnerability, Global Environmental Change, vol 16,pp. 282-292, 2006. The New Digital Economy: How it will transform business, Oxford Economics, Oxford, UK, 2011, pp. 3-4. G. Von Krogh, (August 2012). How does social software change knowledge management? Toward a strategic research agenda. Journal of Strategy Information Systems. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2012.04.003 D. Walters, A business model for the new economy, International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management, vol. 34 no. 3-4, pp. 346-357, 2004. D. T Wilson 2002, The nonsense of knowledge management, Information Research, vol. 8, no. 1, paper no. 144. M. Yar (August 2012). Crime, media and the will-to-representation: Reconssidering relationships

Portrait of a Lady - From Novel to Film Essay -- Movie Film Essays

Portrait of a Lady - From Novel to Film Jane Campion's most recent film, Portrait of a Lady (1996), offers a distinct departure from her previous work, The Piano (1993), with which some critics have found fault. In her 1998 article, for example, while commending Campion for introducing two characters able to renounce the gender warfare that characterizes Western culture, Diane Long Hoeveler criticizes Campion for celebrating marriage, the idea that women cannot survive without a man at the center of their lives (Hoeveler 110, 114). Second, she asserts that while Campion toys with feminist issues and images, Piano is Aromantic and escapist, with Ada's decision to be reborn with Baines a step hardly worthy of the serious feminist issues that Campion seems to be raising in the film (Hoeveler 114). Finally, she points out that Campion is heavily indebted to a 1920s work, The Story of a New Zealand River by Jane Mander. Partly as a consequence of not acknowledging this debt, the film has conflicting sources, Campion's rat her permissive twentieth century script about adultery, superimposed on Mander's original, in which the Victorian heroine is not united sexually with her lover until after her husband's death. Enacting a basically contemporary drama in anachronistic costumes and setting, Hoeveler says the film contains gaps, ...fissures we sense while viewing it (Hoeveler 114). For example, how likely is it, she asks, that an 1850s heroine would conduct an adulterous affair? In (Re)Visioning the Gothic (1998), Cyndy Hendershot echoes this view, calling Baines, the film's nontraditional male (Harvey Keitel), a deus ex machina, a fairy-tale character, an imaginary resolution to two real problems, on the one hand the castratio... ..., Campion breaks his barrier of reticence about sex, money and behavior and delivers the facts straight. Hardly faithful to him as she is, though, Jane Campion's work is itself made possible by the original master, Henry James. Sources Cited Bluestone, George. Novels Into Film. California UP, 1971. Campion, Jane. The Piano. London: Bloomsbury, 1993. Dapkus, Jeanne R. Sloughing off the Burdens. Film Literature Quarterly 25.3 (1997): 177-187. Giannetti, Louis. Understanding Movies. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1972. Hendershot, Cyndy. (Re)Visioning the Gothic. Film Literature Quarterly 26.2 (1998): 97-108. Hoeveler, Diane Long. Silence, Sex, and Feminism. Film Literature Quarterly 26.2 (1998): 109-116. James, Henry. The Portrait of a Lady. 1881. New York: Random House, 1996. Jones, Laura. The Portrait of a Lady. New York: Penguin, 1996.